Physics----Temperature & Heat

Energy flow from high temp to lower temp.Lower tem will gain heat while high temp loss heat....
it continue until both have the same tmep.Same temp is called Thermah Equilibrium which mean no energy flow..........

COMMON SCALES

Fahrenheit degree F & Celcius degree C.

Change between temp(deta T) is specified as Celcius degree, C degree.

converting------
fahrenheit=32+ 9/5 celcius
celcius=5/9 (fahrenheit-32)
kelvin=celcius+273.15

THERMAL EXPANSION

Linear--:
deta L = a L(initial) C degree

overflow is calculated by determined what material that been overflew and minus with deta T of another substance.

Volume--:
deta V = B(beta) V(initial) C degree

C degree and Kelvin just the same.if the question gives temp in kelvin,just use it and don' need to convert to C degree.

SPECIFIC HEAT CAPACITY

Q=mC deta T

Q=heat, m=mass , deta T= temp change(final - initial)

LATENT HEAT

Fusion = solid to liquid
Vaporization = liquid to gase
Sublimation = solid to gase

Q=mL

Q=heat, m= mass, L=latent heat

Differentiation between Q=mC deta T & Q = mL

Q = mL occur when there is a change in the phase for example ice become water,otherwise use Q=mC deta T.Both can be used together,based on the question...

Physics----Fuids

Fluid.....what's mean by fuids?
Fluids is a material which can flow.First of all,3 states of matter are solids,liquids and gases.From these 3 states of matter,liquids and gases are fluid because they can flow....

MASS DENSITY

equation on mass density
p=m/v the unit is kg/m3(m cubic)

p=mass density , m=mass, v=volume

to use this eq, the eq must related to what types of fluids.
e.g, if the question talk about oil, so the p,m and v must be the p, m and v for the oil

SPECIFIC GRAVITY

equation for s.g

s.g=p of substance/p of water(1000) there is no unit for s.g

PRESSURE

Pressure applied on an immersed object is perpendicular at any point of the object.

eq for pressure P=F/A unit is N/m2(m square) / Pa(Pascal)

P=pressure, F=force (N)/sometmes =W=mg(N)
A=area of the object which make contact with the surface.

PRESSURE WITH DEPTH

P2>P1.......P2 is a pressure under the object while P1 is pressure above the object...P2 must be greater than P1 because P2 must support the object's weight

eq for pressure with depth
P2=P1 + pgh

expand the eq
F2/A2=F2/A2 + pgh

PRESSURE GAUGES

P2-P1=pgh

P2 is the absolute pressure

PASCAL'S PRINCIPLE

As we know P2=P1 + pgh

pascal's principle usually we usd when there is an input piston and output piston.input piston is smaller than output piston.we can conclude that,input piston is P1 and output piston is P2...

when the 2 pistons at the same level we use eq of P2=P1(neglect any height)
in different level we use P2=P1 + pgh

ARCHIMEDES PRINCIPLE

eq Fb(buoyant force)=Wfluid(fluid displaces by object)

to do this kind of question,I suggest to draw a free body diagram.When you draw it,you can see clearly.After draw free body diagram,write the eq based on the diagram and make it = 0.


That's all for this fluids chapter...anything contact me on syuhada_muttaqinah@yahoo.com(my email and ym)

Pulihkan semangat.....

Baru2 ni ad sorg sahabat shabab yg kehilangan semangat....
hmmmm...susah juga ye.depends kat org tu sbnrnye mcm ne nk pulihkan...
tp bbcare mengenai semangat,dlu shabab pn pernah jgk hilang semangat.ble hlng semangat sume keje shabab xmenjadi.nk stdy xjd,nk makan pn hlang slere.bak kata........hmmmm,xleh nk kate..

Jd shabab amk keputusan utk tmnkan sahabat shabab ni.kbtulan die tnga exm,jd xptut shabab tgglkan die snsorg.shabab dpt lihat,firstly,cre nk plihkan smgat die ialah alihkan tumpuan die seketika.klu blh jgn bg die brtmbh tension.

Ble dah alih tumpuan die,bwk kuar die dr ksh sdh n menyayat hati.klu blh,jgn tambah die dgn problems lg.shabab klu leh nk wat die tergelak je sntesa,tp sbb die nk exm kn.tp alhamdulillah,shabab bjaye wat gitu..........

tp sbnr-bnrnye cre yg paling berkesan ialah dktkan diri pada Allah........

tringat tme pegi kem kepimpinan......sorg jurulatih cerita ttg zikir hasbi rabbi......
(Tp shabab xbrape nk ingt sgt kshnye)
ad seorg lelaki ni,die sgt cintakan seorg pempuan n die ambil sbagai isteri.....
pada suatu hari ni,isteri die tgglkan die,olh keran die trlalu sygkan isteri die maka die berasa tramat sedih......then die jmpe lg sorg pempuan yg sme,ambil sbgai isteri.the same goes on.......kene tggl jgk.......but then,jmpe lg sorg n prkre yg sme berlaku...

maka lelaki td berasa teramat2 sedih........die hlang smangat..klu kte tgk dlm crite2 drama,klu hlang smgt smpi ley jd gle.tp tdk lelaki ini....lalu die pn berzikir la dgn zikir hasbi rabbi td......
mksd zikir tu keseluruhannya ialah,sbnr2 cnta hnyalah kpd Allah yg Maha Esa....

shabab sndiri klu bce zikir tu,xdnafikan...terasa sgt2 sayu....cintaku hanya pada Allah,tiada di dalam hatiku selain daripada Allah...selawat ke atas jujungan Nabi Muhammad s.a.w...tiada tuhan selain Allah....

Kesimpulannya di sini,apa2 pn kmbali kpd Allah....semangat juga adalah satu makhluk yg diciptakan Allah.utk kita dptkan smangat yg dperlukan,mntalah dari Allah.Allah Maha Mengetahui segala-galanya,di langit n di bumi........